Pengaruh Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61220/Keywords:
Problem Solving Skills, Mathematics Learning Outcomes, Polya's FrameworkAbstract
Problem-solving skills is a fundamental cognitive competency in mathematics learning at higher education. This study aims to analyze the effect of problem-solving ability on students' mathematics learning outcomes. The research employed a quantitative approach with ex post facto design involving 29 science education students enrolled in basic mathematics courses. Problem-solving ability was measured using an instrument based on Polya's four indicators (understanding the problem, devising a plan, carrying out the plan, and looking back), while learning outcomes were assessed through achievement tests on basic mathematics content. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression technique. The results showed that problem-solving ability has a significant effect on mathematics learning outcomes with t-value of 4.277 > t-table 2.059 at significance level of 0.05. The regression equation obtained was Y = 3.873 + 1.258X with coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.953, indicating that 95.3% of the variance in mathematics learning outcomes can be explained by problem-solving ability. These findings confirm that problem-solving ability is a primary determinant of students' academic achievement in mathematics and imply the necessity of transforming learning approaches from procedural methods toward problem-solving-based instruction.
Downloads
References
[1] J. D. Dagdag et al., “Predictive ability of problem-solving efficacy sources on mathematics achievement,” 2021.
[2] T. Sinaga, S. Saragih, and E. Surya, “Students’ mathematical problem-solving process based on Polya’s stages,” Journal on Mathematics Education, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 321–334, 2023, doi: 10.22342/jme.v14i3.22163.
[3] K. M. J. Macaso et al., “Predictors of performance in mathematics: Attitude, reflective thinking, and problem-solving skills,” 2022.
[4] M. Taufiqurrahman, “Improving students’ mathematical problem-solving skill,” 2022.
[5] F. Putri, “A systematic literature review: Problem solving in mathematics curriculum,” 2024.
[6] W. Hadi, “A systematic review on visualization in mathematical problem solving,” 2025.
[7] A. Nasrullah, “Correlation between learning interest and problem-solving abilities,” 2023.
[8] S. A. Bakar, “Success indicators of mathematical problem-solving performances,” 2021.
[9] A. Wahab, “A systematic literature review using Polya’s framework,” 2024.
[10] M. D. Siagian, I. J. Panggabean, and H. Siregar, “Hubungan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dengan hasil belajar matematika siswa,” Jurnal Numeracy, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 107–118, 2019, doi: 10.21580/num.v6i2.3995.
[11] R. Setiyowati, A. Pratiwi, and D. Nurhayati, “Analisis kesulitan mahasiswa dalam mengaitkan konsep matematika pada konteks masalah nyata,” Infinity Journal, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 77–89, 2024, doi: 10.22460/infinity.v13i1.15438.
[12] E. Siswanto and M. Meiliasari, “Kemampuan pemecahan masalah pada pembelajaran matematika: Systematic literature review,” Jurnal Riset Pembelajaran Matematika Sekolah, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1–14, 2023, doi: 10.21009/jrpms.081.06.
[13] N. Aini, “Problem-solving ability as a determinant of mathematical conceptual understanding in higher education,” Journal of Mathematics Education Research, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 145–158, 2021, doi: 10.23917/jmer.v12i2.15234.
[14] R. Hidayati, “The role of mathematical problem-solving skills in predicting student academic performance,” International Journal of Learning and Instruction, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 33–47, 2022, doi: 10.1080/10494820.2022.2041153.
[15] D. Ramadhani, “Mathematical problem-solving ability and its impact on students’ integrative understanding,” Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, vol. 19, no. 4, 2023, doi: 10.29333/ejmste/13115.
[16] M. Munawar, “The influence of problem-solving strategies on students’ mathematics achievement,” Journal on Mathematics Education, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 389–400, 2020, doi: 10.22342/jme.11.3.12924.
[17] H. Siregar, “Problem-solving proficiency and its contribution to students’ summative assessment performance,” International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 1290–1298, 2021, doi: 10.11591/ijere.v10i4.21347.
Email : ljmsa@lontaradigitech.com
