Socio-economic Phenomenological Study: Analysis of the Causing Factors of Poverty in Fishermen's Families in Gentung Village, Pangkep Regency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61220/qgxnr173Keywords:
Socio-economic, Phenomenological Study, Fishermen's poverty, Gentung Village, fishermen's welfare sustainablyAbstract
Coastal areas often present a welfare paradox, where abundant marine resource potential is not always directly proportional to the level of welfare of fishing communities, so that poverty remains a structural and multidimensional issue. This study aims to analyze the meaning of poverty in the lived experiences of fishing families and identify the social and economic factors that shape their vulnerability. The study used qualitative methods with a phenomenological approach to explore the awareness, perceptions, and survival strategies of fishing families in the face of economic uncertainty. The study was conducted in Gentung Village, Pangkajene and Kepulauan Regency, with data collection techniques using in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The results show that fishermen's poverty is influenced by low levels of education, strong patron-client relationships, and cultural constructs that interpret risk as part of destiny, which indirectly limit social mobility and economic innovation. Economically, income fluctuations due to seasonal dependence, limited access to formal financial institutions, and high-interest informal lending practices reinforce the cycle of debt and household vulnerability. This study recommends strengthening educational and financial literacy, developing more inclusive community-based economic institutions, and contextual and participatory business diversification strategies to encourage social transformation and improve fishermen's welfare sustainably.
References
Agus, A., Suryana, H., & Nurezka, K. (2023). Economic Mapping of Small-Scale Fishers in Dadap Village , Juntinyuat District , Indramayu Regency , Indonesia. Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research, 25(3), 50–66. https://doi.org/10.9734/AJFAR/2023/v25i3667
Alam, Z. I., Sutrisn, A. B., Hasrin, S. W., Razak, F., & Nasrul, N. (2026). Potensi Perikanan Tangkap Masyarakat Nelayan Di Kepulauan Desa Mattiro Baji , Kabupaten Pangkajene Dan Kepulauan : Analisis Tantangan. Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Geography, 3(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.61220/3aqq2d34
Allison, E. H., & Ellis, F. (2001). The livelihoods approach and management of small-scale fisheries. Marine Policy, 25(7), 377–388.
Anang, S. A., Otchere-peprah, K., Aidoo-mensah, D., Mensah, N. O., Nakuja, T., Boateng-gyambiby, D., Afotey, S., Otchere-peprah, K., & Aidoo-mensah, D. (2024). Livelihood diversification and coping strategies : evidence from small-scale fish farmers in Ghana. Cogent Social Sciences, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2433712
Arsita, E. D., Asikin, D., & Titisari, E. Y. (2024). Tingkat Keberlanjutan Desa Pela Kalimantan Timur Berdasarkan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Jurnal Ilmiah Arsitektur Dan Lingkungan Binaan, 22(1), 13–24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20961/arst.v22i1.78781
Bene, C. (2003). When Fishery Rhymes with Poverty : A First Step Beyond the Old Paradigm on Poverty in Small-Scale Fisheries. World Development, 31(6), 949–975. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(03)00045-7
Birdsong, M., & Hunt, L. M. (2021). Recreational angler satisfaction : What drives it ? Wiley Fish Dan Fisheries, 22(4), 682–706. https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12545
Boateng, J. K., Golo, H. K., Ibrahim, S., & Bolanle, T. (2025). Examining the influence of Ghanaian coastal communities ’ cultural practices on the cultural rights of small-scale fishers : a focus on livelihood impacts. Cogent Social Sciences, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2025.2553222
Cossette-laneville, È. (2025). Charting the course , charting the coast : exploring epistemic orientations in the making of sustainable aquaculture futures. Critical Policy Studies, 00(00), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/19460171.2025.2579924
Emt, T., Hasiholan, V. M., Fauzi, A., & Kinseng, R. A. (2023). The Effect of Fishermen ’ s Income Factors on Fishermen ’ s Poverty on The North Coast of Jakarta. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Manajemen Teknologi, 7(2), 482–495. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35870/emt.v7i2.1161
Fahrun, M., Dirwan, D., & Rajindra, R. (2021). Study on the Poverty of Traditional Fishermen in Lombonga Village , Balaesang District, Donggala Regency. International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS), 3(3), 156–164.
García-lorenzo, I., Varela-lafuente, M., Garza-gil, M. D., & Sumaila, U. R. (2024). Social and solidarity economy in small-scale fisheries : An international analysis. Ocean and Coastal Management, 253(4), 107166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107166
Hartman, A., & Squires, V. (2024). Bridging Perspectives: Utilizing Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ( IPA ) to Inform and Enhance Social Interventions. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 23, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069241306284
Islam, R., Bashawir, A., Ghani, A., Sultana, S., & Mahyudin, E. (2022). The Influence of Environmental Transformation on Small-Scale Fishing Communities ’ Livelihood. Sustainability, 14, 4337. https://doi.org/https:// doi.org/10.3390/su14074337
Josephraj, J., Guerrero, D., & Cifuentes-ossa, M. A. (2022). Heliyon The economic vulnerability of fi shing households to climate change in the south Paci fi c region of Colombia. Heliyon Journal, e09425, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09425
Lucas, V., Serra, S. B., Ooteman, M., & Petti, M. (2024). Fisher poverty , value chain equity , and resilience : The case of the Indonesian Blue Swimming Crab and the Peruvian Mahi-Mahi. Marine Policy, 170(10), 106409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106409
Luki, A., & Tonkovi, Ž. (2018). Fisheries-dependent community – Obstacle or opportunity for further development ? A case study of Kali in Croatia. Marine Policy, 30(40). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.11.012
Marsitadewi, K. E., & Hamel, V. A. (2025). Unveiling the level of digital poverty: a Phenomenological study on digital poverty among youth in denpasar city. DiA: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 23(2), 294–303. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30996/dia.v23i02.12069
Mohamad, F., Sutra, D. C., & Kusnawati, E. (2012). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Di Dukuh Mrican Sleman Yogyakarta. Jurnal Health & Sport, 5(3), 695–706. https://ejurnal.ung.ac.id/index.php/jhs/article/view/912
Mulyasari, G., Agustiawan, I., Irnad, I., Cahyadinata, I., & Herzig, C. (2025). Livelihood vulnerability of f ishermen ’ s households to climate variability in Bengkulu City , Indonesia. E3S Web of Conferences, 05002. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202568205002
Muttaqin, A., & Ismail, I. (2023). Kemiskinan Kultural Masyarakat Nelayan di Desa Panipahan Kecamatan Pasir Limau Kapas. Jurnal Sosiologi Agama Indonesia (JSAI), 4(2), 279–292. https://doi.org/10.22373/jsai.v4i2.2815
Nasrul, N., Amal, A., & Qaiyimah, D. (2024). Kajian Kualitas Fisik dan Kimia Air Sungai Gentung Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan. Jurnal Environmental Science, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.35580/jes.v6i2.60637
Nasrul, N., Arfan, A., Badwi, N., Baharuddin, I. I., & Qaiyimah, D. (2024). Impact of Tofu X Factory Liquid Waste Discharge on Gentung River Water Quality, Pangkep Regency. Jurnal Ecosolum, 13(2), 144–159. https://doi.org/10.20956/ecosolum.v13i2.36772
Nasrul, N., Qaiyimah, D., & Nurfadilah, N. (2024). Studi Fenomenologi: Analisis Faktor Penyebab dan Upaya Penanganan Pencemaran Air Sungai dalam Perspektif Masyarakat Desa Gentung Kabupaten Pangkep. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai, 5(4), 10527–10535. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v5i4.35603
Novira, N., Arif, M., Yenny, N., Siregar, N. S., & Permata, D. (2024). The Underlying Causes of Poverty among Fisherman in Deli Serdang Regency. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 13(2), 330–339. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/jish.v13i2.76539
Obie, M. (2024). Understanding Poverty among Fishing Communities in Indonesia: A Critical Review. Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies Volume, 50(8), 649–654. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2024/v50i81563
Omer, M. A., & Mohamoud, H. A. (2026). Vulnerability and adaptive capacity of fisheries- dependent communities on the Coast of Berbera to climate change. Cogent Social Sciences, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2025.2604967
Partington, Z., Walsh, R. S., & Labhardt, D. (2025). Experiencing Traumatic Violence : An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of One Man’s Lived Experience of a Violent Attack Involving a Knife. Behavioral Sciences, 15(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/ 10.3390/bs15010089
Qaiyimah, D., Yanti, J., & Khairisa, N. H. (2024). Kualitas Perairan di Sekitar Pulau Saugi Desa Mattiro Baji Kecamatan Liukang Tuppabiring Utara Kabupaten Pangkep. LaGeografia, 22(2), 208. https://doi.org/10.35580/lageografia.v22i2.61685
Rasyid, R., Nasrul, N., & Qaiyimah, D. (2025). Analisis Indeks Pencemaran dan Prediksi Distribusi Kualitas Air Sungai Menggunakan Metode Spatial Inverse Distance Weighted ( Studi Kasus : Sungai Gentung , Kabupaten Pangkep ). Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 23(5), 1213–1226. https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.23.5.1213-1226
Razak, A., Mansyur, A. Y., & Jalal, N. M. (2020). Program Bimbingan Psiko-Sosio-Spiritual Berbasis Online Bagi Masyarakat Di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19. Seminar Nasional Hasil Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat: Peluang Dan Tantangan Pengabdian Masyarakat Yang Inovatif Di Era Kebiasaan Baru, 509–514.
Soares, A., Hilário, A., Carreiro-silva, M., Ramos, S., Pita, C., Xavier, J. R., Soares, A., Hilário, A., Carreiro-silva, M., Ramos, S., & Pita, C. (2025). Fishers ’ Local Ecological Knowledge of vulnerable marine ecosystems indicator species on the Portuguese continental shelf and upper slope Fishers ’ Local Ecological Knowledge of vulnerable marine ecosystems indicator species on the Portuguese continental shelf and upper slope. Ecosystems and People, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/26395916.2025.2566067
Teh, L. S. L., Teh, L. C. L., Giron-nava, A., & Sumaila, U. R. (2024). Poverty line income and fi sheries subsidies in developing country fi shing communities. Ocean Sustainability, 3(14), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44183-024-00049-7
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Sahrul Sahrul, Nasrul Nasrul, Dinil Qaiyimah, Nasir Nasir, Nurniah Nurniah (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
License and Copyright Agreement
In submitting the manuscript to the journal, the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- The work is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.
- The work has been approved by all the author(s) and by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.
